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Territorial and consumption-based greenhouse gas emissions assessments: implications for spatial planning policies

As the world faces the pressing challenges of climate change, the quantification of greenhouse gas emissions has become increasingly important in spatial planning for regions, cities and areas. To inform local decision-making and understand the climate impacts of spatial planning policies, a combination of territorial and consumption-based accounting (CBA) approaches has emerged as best practice at the subnational level.

Peter Robert Walke / Published on 19 June 2023

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Citation

Lylykangas, K., Cachia, R., Cerrone, D., Kriiska, K., Norbisrath, U., Walke, P. R., Joutsiniemi, A., & Heinonen, J. (2023). Territorial and consumption-based greenhouse gas emissions assessments: implications for spatial planning policies. Land 12(6):1144. https://doi.org/10.3390/land12061144

Aerial view on border of dense housing area. Photo: Liyao Xie/ Getty Images

This study introduces four European case studies that were conducted using the two quantification approaches (territorial and CBA) to assess the climate impacts of locally relevant planning policies. The case studies represent different scales of spatial planning, different European planning systems, and different situations in terms of data availability.

The study shows that territorial results are not suitable for interregional comparison, but rather for internal monitoring, while CBA allows for comparison and provides a comprehensive picture of the global carbon footprint of residents. However, CBA has indications that are more difficult to link to spatial planning decisions.

Assessing impacts, and in particular interpreting results, requires both methodological understanding and knowledge of the local context. The results of the case studies show that setting climate targets and monitoring the success of climate action through a single net emissions figure can give false indications.

The study shows that the two approaches to quantifying greenhouse gas emissions provide complementary perspectives on emissions at the subnational level and thus provide a more thorough understanding of the greenhouse gas emission patterns associated with spatial planning policies. The identification of the regional differences in emission sources and mitigation potentials are the main functions of subnational greenhouse gas inventories and the impact assessment for spatial planning. Harmonization of the data collection for subnational greenhouse gas inventories and the transparency of underlying assumptions would greatly support the coherence of climate action and the implications to spatial planning.

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SEI author

Peter Robert Walke

Expert (Sustainable Development Programme)

SEI Tallinn

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Land Open access
Topics and subtopics
Land : Cities, Land use
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SEI Tallinn

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